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A 

PRIVATE'S OWN JOURNAL! 

OIVINO AN ACCODNT QF 

THE BATTLES IN MEXICO, UNDER GEN'L. SCOTTj 

WITH 

DESCRIPTIVE SCENES, 

AND A 

ROLL OF COMPANY E, 2iid Pa. REGIMENT, 

WITH THB 

AGE, HEIGHT, OCCUPATIONAND RESIDENCE 

/ OP 

OFFICERS AND MEN: 

ALSO, 

A TABLE OF HEIGHTS AND DISTANCES FROM 
VERA CRUZ TO THE CITY OF MEXICO. 






BY G. W. HARTMAN, 
A Youth who volunteered in his 19th year. 



GREENCASTLE: 

fftlNTED FOR THB AUTHOR, BY E. EOBINSON, 



1849- 1^ 



PRIVATE'S 0¥N JOURNAL: 



r 

■ GIVING AN ACCOUNT OP 

THE BATTLES IN MEXICO, UNDER GEN'L. SCOTT, 

WITH 

DESCRIPTIVE SCENES, 

AND A 

ROLL OF COMPANY E, 2nd Pa. REGIMENT, 

WITH THE 

^GE, HEIGHT, OCCUPATION AND RESIDENCE 

OF 

OFFICERS AND MEN 

ALSO, 



A TABLE OF HEIGHTS AND DISTANCES FROM 
VERA CRUZ TO THE CITY OF MEXICO. 



BY G. W. HARTMAN, 

Youth who volunteered in his 19th vear. 






GREENCASTLE: 

PRINTED BY E. ROBINSOxN, 
1849. 




DISTRICT OP MARYLAND, TO WIT: 

Be jt bemembbrkd, That on the fifth day of Fe 
roary, Anno Domini,, 1849, 

G. W. HARTMAN. 

hath deposited in this office, the title oi a. hot 
the titleof which is in the word.s following, 
wit: 

A Private's own Journal: giving an account of the Battles in Me 
ico, under Gen, Scott; with descriptive scenes, and a roll of Coi 
pany E, Snd Pa. Regiment, with the Age. Height, Occnpation ?u 
Residence of Officers and Men: also A Table of Heights, and D 
tance-s £com Vera Cruz to the City of Mexico, by G- ^ 
iianmaii, a Youth who volnnteered in his I9th year, 

The right whereof he claims as author, in conformity ^ih tl 
act of congress, entitled "An act to amend the several acts respec 
■ng- copy- rights.'' THO. SPICER, 



U- 



PREFACE. 



The Subscriber, io consequence of the pzeseing solicitations 
of Kjany of his friends, since his return from Mexico^ has been 
?nduced to give publicity to the following little work. He i«- 
aware of his inability to give it that literary cast, whicil char- 
acterises the numerous publications of the day: but he hopes 
;hat the truths it presents, and the information it imparls, relative 
to a private soldier's life, will prove an ample remuneration for 
itB literary defects. He therefore, offers it to a generous public, 

-ithout further apology » 

G. W. HARTMAN. 



JOURNAL 



Fiitshurgh^ January 1, 1847. 

Fbe VVestmoreland Guards were musiered into the service of 
ihe United States as Company E, of the and Regiment, Pennsyl- 
vania Volunteers, to serve during the war, unlesB sooner discharg- 
od. I am a member of said Company. 

"Jan. 6. Elected as Rigimental Officers, William R. Roberts, 
Colonel; John W. Geary, Lieutenant Colooel; and William 
Hrindle, Major. The Colonel hails from Fayetie county, Lieu- 
tenant Colonel from Westmoreland and Major from Columbia 
counties. S. H. Monlaomery appointed Quartermaster with th 
rank oV Captain, and James Johnston, Quartermaster Sargant; 
both privates of Company E. . 

Jan. 8. Embarked on board the steam boat-, North Carolin?., 
for New Orleans. Left the wharf at Pittsburgh, at 6 o'clock P. 
M.; had a very pleasant trip, though the weather was very cold 
until we ran into the Mississippi, when it was very delightful. 

Jan. 15- Arrived at New Orleans at 13 o'clock M.; lay there 
half an hour and then ran down to camp Jackson, where we dis- 
embarked and camped on the ground rendered ever memorable by 
\he victorv achieved by Gen. Jackson over Packenham. 

We mime the trip from Pittsburgh to this place in seven days: 
khe boat made no slopages, except to take in wood and other 
necessaries, at which times a strong guard was set to prevent the 
volunteers from going ashore. Whilst we lay here, James H, 
McDermol deserted. 

Jan. 23. Embarked onboard the ship. James N. Caoper, of 
Boston. The weather, since we lay here, hss been changeable 
and verv disagreeable. Last night a dreadful rain deluged the 
camp, causing much distress to the troops ashore. Our sh^ip i» 
much crowded, there being 4 Companies on board, viz: A, E, H, 
and L On account of some bad arrang^ent in the Coromis- 
sarv's department, we are very poorly su(^)lied with provisions, 
and what we do get aie of a very bad quality. This came nigh 



raising a small disturbance among the men, but was finally quell- 
ed by good promises of plenty rations hereafter. 
Jan. 28. A severe storm of wind and rain to-day. 
30th. After a very tiresome delay, we left Camp Jackson at 
10 o'clock A. M., in company with another vessel, with part of the 
Mississippi volunteers. Both were towed down by the steamer 
Hercules, and arrived at the Balize, at 10 o'clock at night. 

31st. Crossed the bar and entered the Gulf. I'heday is calm, 
slow sailing, light wind in the evening. 

Feb. 2. A strong breeze sprung up which increasrd to a fari> 
ous gale; most of the men are sea sick. 'J'his storm lasted about 
forty hours. 

10th. Strong wind Northeast, which veered round and turned 
into a regular Norther, much more violent than the first, and last- 
ed fifty-six hours. Capt. Barney, the master of the vessel, had 
received sealed orders, which were to be opened iweniy-four 
hours after our departure. Said orders were, to report at Tampico; 
but being driven abDut by adverse winds, were unable to reach 
that port; we therefore, steered for Lobos Island, the general ren> 
desvoux. 

14th. Sunday; disembarked on the Island, with axe and spade 
in hand, commenced clearing off the ground for our encampment, 
which was a very serious job, it being so thickly covered with 
underbrush and matted vines. This Island is about one and a half 
miles in circumference, and seven from the main land. The wa- 
ter is very brackish, but still, it can be used. 

22nd. To-day, we received our muskets and accoutrements. — 
This day, so sacred to every American! we should like to cele- 
brate it, as we useil to do, but we are on a desolate Island, with 
nothinor but pork and beans, and therefore, must defer it. Fish 
are found in abundance here, and as I have a hook and line with 
me, it is fine sport. 

28th. Re-embarked for Vera Cruz on board the same ship. — 
On the evening of the day after our departure, we were overtaken 
by another terrible storm, which lasted for twenty-four hours, and 
caused considerable distress on board. 

March 5th. Cast anchor at point Anton Lazardo. 
9lh. Went on board the frigate Potomac, sailed up and cast 
anchor in the harbor of Vera Cruz, just out of reach of the Castle 
guns. The first division under Gen. Worth, affected a landing 
by the means of surf boats. Sixty seven boat loads, numbering 
about four thousand men, struck off to the tune of the '■'Star Span- 
gled Banner," reached the shore, and planted the "Stars and 
Stripes" on the Heights, a short distance from the beach, without 
opposition. The Volunteer division under Gen. Patterson landed 
about 9 o'clock P. M. W'e lay on the beach in our blankets and 
wet clothes. About raid§ight we were roused by the firing of 
musketry and theory of, "To arms! To arms!*' which turned out 



to be an attack upon our oat post; no injury, however, was dons 
on either side. 

lOih. About 8 o'clock A, M. the main body of the army was 
formed for battle. Gen. Patterson's division was put in the ad-« 
vancp. The Tennessee Kiflemen acting as skirmishers, followed 
by the first and second regiinents of Pennsylvania Volunteers. — 
\Ve had not proceeded far when the word came down the line, that 
the enemy were in sight: our knapsacks flew off in double quick 
time, and we rushed up the hill at a charging pace, but on arnving 
at the plain no enemy were to be seen; so we went back and 
gathered upour trappings, and resumed our march toward the rear 
of the city. When within about three miles of the city, we made 
a short halt to recruit our strength and take a bite; the water be- 
ing very scarce and old Sol letting down upon us pretty heavily, I 
assure you we were thirsty: three men, 1 being one of ihe number, 
were detailed to go back about a mile and a half for some water. 
1 therefore, ladened myself with ten or twelve canteens, and 
struck a march to a pond and brought the desired beveraae. We 
next started for the ruins of an old Abbey; a smart skirrnish took 
place between the rellemen and a body ot the enemy; the bullets 
whistled round us pretty thick, and as it was something new, it 
made me feel somewhat queer: we however, reached the rains 
without accident, and encamped for the night. A mao-azine a 
few miles from the city was taken by firing a few shot at if a 
uuiuber of horsemen were there, but fled at the first smell of o-un 
piwder. 

The 1st Pennsylvania regiment had a skirmish this evenino- 

■A body of upwards of 600 lancers had possession of a heio-ht, that 
commanded the city — this regiment, with the Tennessee nflemen 
dispossessed the enemy with the loss of six men, and took the 
place. The enemy merely out of a little bit of spite threw bombs 
at us all day. 

lith. W'elay on our arnris last night with a double guard, and 
were raised twice by false alarms. Company E. was detailed 
as Sappers and Miners, and engaged all day in cuitinrr roads 
ihrouhg the dense Cnapparel, ihey were much exposed'' lo the 
bombs and roundshot the enemy threw all day. Capt. Albertis 
a noble hearted fellow, of the Virginia troops, was killed bv a 
cannon ball, whilst sitting down reading a letter. Also two or three 
of my fellow companion privates were killed. Col. Dickinson of 
the Tennessee rifles and several of his men were wounded by the 
enemy's cannon. We had a hard day of it working, and the Sun 
beating down upon us, but we finished our road. 

I2ih. Last night our regiment stood guard at the Rail Road 
expecting an attack, half the men waking and half sleeping alter- 
nately. Here Brig. Gen. Piilow exposed his cousumates/«7/, by 
placing one half of the regiment opposite the other, and not more 
than twenty yards from each other, if we should have fired 



8 

doubtless more of oar cwn men would have fallen, than the ene- 
emy. This was the first and only time I felt like holding my fire 
in presence of the enemy. Today is very windy and cloudy, 
nothing doin^, but some skirmishing, and a few cannon bails 
thrown by the enemy, but doing no harm. 

I3th. Lay at the Kail Road aojain last night and stood guard, 
got but little rest on account of the frequent alarms, which all pro- 
ved to be false. There are a great many of our boys very easily 
alarmed, and they fire at any thing that moves; a poor Jackass, 
not being able to give the countersign, received eleven balls. 

llth. Moved to the Magazine this morning. This is the first 
day wo have had the privilege to cook our own mess, since our 
landing, and as commemorative of it, we made a feast. There 
we found an old tin box of sufiicient capacity to contain food 
enough for a mess of men, we placed it upon two stones, filled it 
with beef, crackers and some persley and made a fine dish. Long 
roll beat, knapsacks and accoutrement flung on in double quick 
time, marched back to the Rail Road. Stood guard all night. 

I4th. Sunday; Lay at the Magazine till dark, when we moved 
off to take a position near six miles distant. The march was very 
fatiguing through the sand hills. Slept in the road. 

15th. Moved again this eveniog half a mile to the right, con- 
stant cannonading from the City. 

16th. Weather cold and wet, a few shell thrown at us, but 
no harm done. 

I7th. Saint Patrick's day, is cool and wet, but cleared up 
finely. No fighting to day, our Cannon is coming off the Ships, 
and batieries are being erected Lend firing in the navy on the 
recep'.ionof the news ot Gen. Taylor's brilliant victory over Santa 
Anna at Buena Vista. Much firing along the lines last night. 

A Sailor was murdered by the Lancers last night, his body 
hae been found today, he had previously taken Iv/o of the Mex- 
icans prisoners. 

I8ih. Passed off quietly, much rejoicing in the camp on 
account of the arrival of the mail, bringing us letters from home; 
this is the first mail we have received since we left the States. 

19th. Another move to the right and nearer the City, seven- 
i.eeo of us were detailed for work, went down and reported at 
Gen. Scott's quarters at suji down, and were seat to dig entrench- 
inente near the City, for Worth's battery. We worked hard 
till near day light, and marched back to camp; the sand was drift- 
ed BO by high winds that it was almost impossible to get along. 
Twenty-eight of the company, that were left in camp, were sent 
to the eeamen's battery to dig entrenchments. Heavy cannon- 
ading at Worth's men, but they were in the batteries, and receiv- 
ed noinjury. We get but little sleep these time?. 

fiOth. Nine more of our men were sent out to work this morn- 
ing. Heavy cannonading at Worth's batteries all day. A small 
forsging party was sent out today, and was attacked by a body 



9 

■GTrancheros, but none were hurt. Eleven more of us were detail- 
■ed this evening to work at the seamen's battery, wurked all night 
and were then relieved. 

21 St. Going back to camp the wind blew so furiously that we 
had to cover our faces with our handkerchiefs to keep the sand 
out of our eyes, and from cutting our faces. This day many ^of 
our vessels were blown ashore and some wrecked upon the reefs. 
We made another move to-night about half a mile to the right. 
23nd. Bombardment commenced on the o4ty, from Gen, 
Worth's battery at 2 o'clock P. M. Hot firing on both sides. 
Company E detailed to work, and guard the seamen's battery. 
Capt. Vinton of Worth's artillery was killed whilst levelling his 
pieoe. The bombardment continued at intervals all night, doing 
much execution in the city, and though the enemy returned the 
fire with much spirit, and took good aim, we suffered but little. 

'JSrd. Now the work goes bravely on, nothing is to be heard, 
but the continued roar of artillery on both sides, and theexploding 
of bombs. Worth's batteries are doing much execution in the 
city. W^e have lost but very few men. Some large guns were 
brought into battery by the sailors to-day; Two sixty-eight pound- 
ers, and two thirty-two's from the men of war, Potomac and 
Raritan. Also several large mortars. Towards night another 
storm arose which] put an end to the firing, we were relieved at 
4 o'clock, P. xM, 

24th. The seamen's battery opened, on the city this morning, 
with its heavy guns entirely unexpected by the enemy, the work 
having been completed so quietly, that we were not discovered un- 
til we had cut the chapparel away in front and fired. But so soon 
as they had recovered from the shock, they walked into us with 
a vengeance for a while. A circumstance occurred here which is 
worthy of note. One of the bombs from the enemy fell within the 
battery unexploded, with the fuse buiuing which a hardy Dutch- 
man seized and pulling it out lit his pipe with it, exclaiming: "Py 
shure, you no shoot dat time." 

25th. Heavy firing from our batteries, many of the enemy's guns 
are silenced. About 12 o'clock, M. the firing ceased on both sides, 
the enemy requesting permission to bury their dead. A small 
skirmish took place to-day between a foraging party and a large 
body of rancheros. Ool. Harney went out with some dragoons 
and captured thirty horses and some prisoners. Leut. Judd's ar- 
tillery was there also. 

26th. The batteries opened again at 3 o'clock, A. M. but 
ceased again after day light on account of a furious Norther. The 
ship Ohio came in yesterday, she carries 84 guns. 

27th, Every thing is perfectly quiet to-day and it is rumoured 
that negotiation" are going on. The number killed is not yet 
known, but certainly must be very great. It is said to be from 
five to six or seven hundred. Our whole loss is seventeen killed 
and thirty wounded. 



10 



fiSth. The anicles of capitulation for the eurrender of tbeeitv 
and castle are agreed upon, and signed. ^ 

^A^^\ T^-^ ^"^°^y marched out of the city and oastle and sar- 
rendered their arms in the presence of our army, which was drawn 
up in two lines on the plain near the city. The number of pris- 
oners was about six thousand. The victorious stars and stripes 
were then raised on the city and castle amidst the shouts of sailors 
arfd soldiers and the roar of salutes from our artilery on land and 
water. Gen. Scott rode into the city and took his quarters in the 
r'alace Koyal. 

30th. We moved our camp to-day down to the plain near ih© 
city. I got into the city to-day, and after going to an eatinff 
house and despatching a dollar and a half's worth of provisions 
which, however, was but an ordinary meal, I set out and took a 
general view of it and the castle. The city is built in the old 
fepamsh style, contains some good buildings, but the whole city 
16 going to ruins, and especially the churches. The Cathedral 
built 1721, is a fine edifice, but is despoiled by time of most of 
Its ornaments. The castle exceeds all description, and if garrison- 
ed by American troops, it would bid defiance to the world. 

31st. Slept in our tents for the first lime since we came ashore, 

April 1st. After a dress parade, our whole company was 

marehed into the city, halted at the Saint Charles Hotel and of 

course took a littleof the ''0 be Cheerful." Returned to camp in 

the evening quite merry, 

<th. Easier Sunday, but no eggs, and but little of any thing else. 
Battalion drill at 6 o'clock, A. M. Dress parade at 8, A. M. and 
concpany drill at5, P. M. 

7th. OrderB to prepare for a march immediately. 

9th. Took up the line of march for the interior, the road for 
twelve miles is very bad, nothing but sand half knee deep and very 
hilly. The weather is extremely warm and water scarce, and 
what little there is, is very bad. The men lagged very much, 
many did not get to camp at all that night. The road is strewn 
with men for miles. We marched to-day twentv miles through a 
country barren and uncultivated. " 

lOth. Left camp early, marched over a rough, hilly country 
nine miles, and encamped at a place called Puento Nacional. 

Ilth. There is a splendid bridge here called the National 
bridge, it crosses the Rio Antigua, which is a rapid, mountain 
etream. This is a very strong military positon, and the scenery 
is romantic and piclnresque. There is also a beautiful Hacienda 
here, said to be the property of Santa Anna. 

1 2th. Started early and travelled fast, the road is level and 
straight, but very dusty. The country is rocky and barren. The 
weather is extremely warm. Marched seventeen miles and en 
camped at Plan Del Rio; another fortress commands this place. 

I3th. Gen, Twiggs, who was one day in advance came up to. 
the euamy at ihe strongly fortified pass of Cerre Gordo, and find 



li 

ing Santa Anna here with a force of 21000 men, he fsll back to 
•thia camp. Orders to storm the enemy's works to-morrow raom- 
iap. 

I4th. Orders to attack the enemy countermanded by Geu. 
Patterson. No provisions to-day; went out on a foraging escar- 
sion and killed some beef. 

15th. No breakfast, squad drill at sun rise, orders for company 
drill after breakfast, but as yet there is no breakfast, there was 
no drilling. Gen. Scott arrived to-day. 

16th. Lay in camp* A captain and ten men of the Iliinoia 
regiment were killed while out on a foraging party, by lancers. 

17th. Orders to attack the enemy by storm to-morrow mornintr, 
Gon. Twiggs moved up and took his position on the heights, and 
in so doing' had a severe engagement ia which he sustained three 
heavy charges from a superior force, but held his position, Hii 
lose in this action was eleven killed and forty wounded. The 
enemy's loss was much greater, being near three hundred killed 
aad wounded. 

18th. Sunday; this day we met and routed the enemy with 
great slaughter; this is one of the bloodiest battles that has been 
fought since the commencement of this war. Our army was put 
in motion early in the morning, the enemy's works were foor 
miles distant, at 7 o'clock our brigade under Gen. Pillow, was 
pat in motion on the way up. Gen. Patterson came up to us and 
delivered a short but appropriate address. He addressed himself 
to the Pennsyivanians particularly, and it had the desired effacl, 
for it nerved every man to perform his duty. The part assigned 
us was a strong fort to the left of the road on the heights, which 
was protected by four batteries, mounting twenty-one guns, and 
seven thousand men under Gen. La Vega. We were to attraoti 
their attention, while the other divisions stormed the other works. 
The assault was made by the two Tennessee and the two Pena. 
sylvania regriments. The Tennesseeans made a bold charge under 
the fire of 1500 muskets until they were within 150 yards of the 
fort when a masked battery of six guns upened upon them very 
unexpectedly, and with great destruction. Our regiment being 
in range suffered very much; the grape and canister showered 
like hail among our ranks. As the officers did not know thei? 
proper position, the first Pennsylvania regiment was not in itq 
proper place. The Tennessee regiment was driven on to the 
most dangerous and an almost unaccessable point. They went 
on bravely, however, till they came within 50 yards of the works, 
when they began to falter, and fall back. Their field officers were 
all shot down except Lieut. Haskill. Sixty or eighty men lay 
on the field. 

^ The Tennesseeans in falling back, broke the line of our reat- 
msnt, and threw our men into confusion, but we formed iramedi- 
•Etely under the fire of the e»emy, and by order retired a short dis- 



tanpe to a ravene; whilst laying there awaitinT the si.rnal for a 
3econ:i attack, an Aid came to inform the General tha" the fort 
had surrendered. Our regiment was much exposed, ahhoutrh we 
iost but twenty-five men in killed and wounded. Most of the 
shot ot the enemy were too high. But one man wounded in our 
company, viz. Jacob Miller. Gen. Pillow was slio-htly wounded 
in the arm, and the commind devolved upon CoU Campbell At 
the other forts the work of death was goinor on rapidly, and at 
length the enemy,s works were stormed and they driven out with 
great loss. Santa Anna left at the commencement of the ficrht 
he went full speed for Jalapa. The retreating foe was followed 
up by Col. Harney almost into Jalapa. 

Our loss in this battle is 425 killed, wounded and missing.— 
Inelossot the enemy is supposed to be about 1500 kiUed and 
woundea, and about 500O taken prisoners. Many of the enemy 
deserted betore the fight commenced, and some had to be tied to 
the guns to prevent their escapp. Among the prisoners were Gen. 
Lz Veaa, and many other officers of destinction. Brier. Gen 
Shields was dangerously wounded by a grape shot, which°pa«=sed 
through his right breast: a braver officer than he, is hard to be found 
Santa Anna's force was near twenty thousand, and occiipW one 
ot the strongest posts in Mexico. There were five forts, mount- 
ing 42 cannons. Gen. SKJOtt had but eight thousand men in action, 
and the artillery oould do but little. This victory is a bloody one 
but still it is glorious. ' 

19th. Yesterday, our ear? were deafened by the roar of artill- 
ery and musketry; but to-day nothing ia heard, but the roll of the 
mufflea arum and the plaintive notes of the fife, soundincr the fu- 
neral dirge to the last remains of our comrades and fellow soldiers, 
who fell so nobly in their country's cause. Our refriment is auard 
to-day over the prisoners, to-morrow, they are to be°releasedrtheir 
arms have all been destroyed. A great many of the enemy have 
been slam in the retreat by Gen. Twiggs' and Col. Harney's 
dragoons. We have orders to march to-morrow. 
^ 20th. Left camp, our company being vanguard. The pass of 
Cerro Gordo on Devil's Jaws is a narrow defile in the mountains 
four miles in lenght, enclosed by almost perpendicular bluffs, on 
which are erected the forts and batteries, that command the pass. 
It IS here that the Mexicans defeated the Spaniards and achieved 
their independence. The battle ground presents a woful sight; 
the dead and wounded Mexicans are laying about in piles— near 
the head of the pass they are more numerous. The smell, all a- 
long the road on account of the decomposing bodies of men and 
horses, is sickening. There were upwards of forty horses killed 
in pursuing the enemy. The traveling would be pleasant, were 
It not for the stench, the road is excellent. After a tramp of twen- 
ty-two miles, we encamped at the bridge of St. Barbara, near the; 
residence of Santa Anna. 



4^ 



2isl. Left camp eirly, travelled through a rou2;h, but fine coun- 
try and in full view of the snow covered peaks of Orizaba. We ar- 
rived at Jalapa at noon, but being marched directly through, had but 
little chance to see much of it. After marching lourteen miles we 
encamped in a beautiful valley, three miles irom Jalapa. The 
camp received the name of, camp Patterson. 

23rd. The three companies belonging to our regiment arrived; 
they had been left on Lobos Island, in consequence of the small pox 
having broken out among them. Edward Underwood, James Gould 
and Henry Reighier informed us of the death ofoneof our company, 
Lewis Myers. Gen. Worth has taken possession^of the famous cas- 
tle of Peroie, without a fight. 

May 5th. Since we have been here, it has rained almost every 
day, and' having no tents we are exposed to it, causing much sick- 
ness among us. 

6th. Our regiment being selected as part of the garrison of Jalapa, 
we were marched into the city and quartered in the Cuartel Del 
Guarda Nacional. 

9th. Sunday: visited some of the churches. They are splendid, 
especially the paintings, carvings and gildings. 

13. Attended the funeral of a Mexican officer, who was wounded 
at the battle of Cerre Gordo. The procession was splendid, and 
numerously attended by the ofEcer.s of our army, among whom 
were the General-in-Chief and Gen. Twiggs. The American bands 
were also in the procession playing funeral marches. 

I4th. A large train came in from Vera Cruz, in charge of Capt. 
Samuel Walker and his mounted riflemen. 
22nd. Gen. Twiggs, with his division left for Pucbla. 
23rd. Crowded markets; cockfights in the morning; circus at 2 
o'clock; bull fight at 4; theatre and ball at night. 

24th. Assassinations are frequent; torch light processions at 
night; on guard every third day. 

June 8th. I'his morning we received orders to evacuate this city. 
The first Pennsylvania regiment left for Perote wiili the sick and 
hospital stores. William Campbell and Jacob Miller were dis- 
charged and started for home, 

35th. Gen. Cadwalader arrived with a large train, bringing mo- 
ney and amunition, with fifteen hundred men. He was attacked by 
a large Guerrilla force; he defeated them with the loss of thirty men 
and thirty-nine wagons; he also brought a large mail. Capt. S. H. 
Montgomery and H. J. Brady arrived with the train. 

18th. Left Jalapa at 4 o'clock P. M. came to camp Patterson, 
and encamped for the night, very wet and cold. 

19th. Left camp at sunrise, our force is 2500 men, with a train of 
500 wagons; travelled six miles, when we commenced ascending 
the mountain?., which are quiie ^eep for four miles. The valleys 
are rich and well cultivated; the soil on the mountain sides, is from 
one to two feet deep, and produces good wheat, corn, barley, &c. — 
he scenery Is varied and romantic; several beautiful cascades aie 
be seen in the distance. The hill tops are covered with pine tim- 
er. Marched 12 miles and encamped between two beautiful moun- 
ains, near the village of La Hoya, which place is almost deserted. 
20th. Up at three o'clock A. M. and ready to march. The 

>* 



H 



Springs; i. 'ai.Sl'','ifeaftl™:o'',;'''' ^"^ '""'""''' •■" "''^ ^^'^ 

contain lour tnousand souls The nsr'p ^<5 th<. o-ri. . is said to 
architecture 1 have vet seen it is hmhnf t S:reaiest specimen of 

H.^nltja^""''''" °''"' "" "^"'' *' ^^^"'^' '^ -""^h »i'l" here 
'erf/'nl^.^f ">^"?"i =" .''-'""S'" "'"'" Col, Childs. travelled over a 

fin^dfuJ„'a?ei^t™4\t,rpS7^^^^^^^^^^ 

a^lrZ-f 7'"='"'^="""^ "f "• l-"' eannor^or our fare ssLam" 
?er but «in „f^ ''V-' o"' «''=''«■'». whid, may appear a small ma,!: 

s;o^rrei'"r.'o.Ta^:r,^,Vfirr.t^^^^^ 

wrtrave"lledTen"„."f "' ""^'^ ""'^ and a.»mbe7ol- wh t' fwa'nl' 



^5 

5th. Left camp, marched three miles, encamped at good water. 
The land here is good and well tilled. 

Gih, Had an alarm at two o'clock in the morning, our pickets 
fired on some corn hoers, that were going to their work, they howev- 
er fortunately were not hurt, but considerably alarmed. Lett camp 
a{ 5 o'clock, and encamped at the entrance of the Pinal pass. 

7th. Le(t camp at i?unrise; our coni])any were ordered to scout the 
road and look for the enemy. The road passes along the foot of an 
almost perpendicular mountain. The enemy had fixed large stones 
on the mountain sides to hurl down upon us, and had rolled some in- 
to the road to obstruct it; but we removed them easily, and drove 
the enemy before us like chaff before the wind. Passed Acajateat 
noon, encamped at Amosoque, a very neat little town. This day's 
march was eighteen miles and very fatigueing. 

8th. Left Amosoque early with the advance; arrived at Puebla 
de Las Anglos, (City of the Angels,) at two o'clock P. M. 'i wo 
snow mountains were in view, viz; Popocatapetl and Sieria Nevadia. 
This day travelled twelve miles. Puebla really exceeds my expect- 
ations; it is a beautiful place; the streets are very clean and well 
paved. The buildings are not high, but they are regular and present 
a very good appearance. The popukition ol the city is 70,000. It 
has sixty churches, many of which are capacious and magnificient. 
The cathedral is said to have co>t six millions of dollars. I was in 
one of the cupaloes of this building, it lias seventeen bells of the larg- 
est size, one of them measures seven and a hnlf feet across the bottom. 
The Plasio is a fine public grove, and has many be.nuiiful fountains, 
also a very line building, in which is a statute representing the God- 
dess of Liberty; in the rear of the builfting is a monument, erected to 
the memory of Gen. Bravo, who i» is said, fell near the spot. We 
are comforiably quarted m )i\. John's church, part of which is used 
as a hospital, and part as a monastery. It is said this building be- 
longed to the order of Knights of St. John. 

9th. The weather is pleasant, almost every afternoon we have a 
fine shower of rain. The markets are large, and well supplied with 
abundance of vegetables and all kinds of fruits. 

29th. Paid a visit to the ruins of the ancient city of Cholula, seven 
miles West of this place. It is situated on a level plain, near a range 
of mountains. It once covered a large space of ground, and is said 
to have contained 375,000 souls. It was destroyed by Cortez a»d 
his invading army. There is a monument erected in the Plaza to the 
menlory of the 17,000 men whom Cortez slew there. It now con- 
tains some few thousanil inhabitants, several churches and convent* 
in one of which are 300 nuns. Adjoining this is the grand pyramid 
of Cholula, one of the greatest wonders of the age. It covers about 
fifty acres of ground, is one hundred and seventy-two feet high. It 
is built of sun dried bricks. On it^ suvnmit once stood the temple of 
Che sun; but there is now, a beautiful Catholic church. 

30th, Samuel Gorgas died to-day in the hospital. Division drill 
by Gen. Gluitman. 

August 3rd. A battle to-day, near the hot springs between our 
Native spy compfmy and a party of Guerrillas; the latter were de- 
feated with a considerable loss. A mail has arrived to-day with 
many letters and papers from the States, which are gladly received. 

6th. Gen. Pierce has arrived lo-day with two thousand five 



hundred troops; he brings a heavy siege battery with him, 

7ih. Gen. Twiags' division left here for the city of Mexico, 
Two additional companies have heen attached loour regiment; — 
one from Bedford, the other from Crawford county, Pa. 

8th. Sunday; left Puebla for the city of Mtxico, under Gen^ 
Quitman. Our company leftsixteenmen in the hospital. March- 
ed till noon, then encamped at Rio Frielo, distance eight miles. 

9lh. Left Camp at 6 o'clock, A. M., marched over a level, 
sandy road to San Martin. This was once a place of some im- ' 
port-ince; but is now nearly depopulated. Marched eleven milee.^ 

10th. Left camp at 6 o'clock, A. M. came to Tesmobuca 
bridge, at ten o'clock, but did not halt. A few miles from this! 
our rear was attacked by a Guerrilla party. One of our men 
killed. We are now among the mountains and crossinsj the last) 
chain. The country is rough, wild, and heavily timbered. The : 
enemy had eoramericed to fortify the pass of Rio Frio, but ihey 
did not get time to finish their work: it is by nature a very strongs 
position. Encamped at Rio Frio, at four o'clock, P. M. This 
day's march, twenty-two mile*, the rain pouring down all after 
noon: we have had a hard day — and expect no better liight. 

llth. Our regiment being rear guard to-day, did not leave 
camp until nine o'clock. The road lies over the mountains and 
throuoh many d;^n(Terous defiles, and passes. Coming from the 
tops of the mountains, descent is very rapid, for about eight miles, 
then we enter the great valley of I\iexico. From the mountain 
tops and sides, are many beautiful views, cf mountains, lakes, 
valleys, &c. After a very tatigueing march of twpnty-three miles, 
we encamped on an old Hacienda, near Beuna Vista. 

15ih. ^Sunday; left camp at six o'clock; marched towards 
Penon, for three miles, then finding it impossible to reach the 
f '^y> ^y that rout without a sreat sacrifice of men, we counter" 
njarched to the old city of Chaleo. Day's march, nine miles. 

16th. Left Camp at sis o'clock; we had a slow and difficult 
march, over a narrow, rough road. Marched but three miles,, 
then encamped in an Olive grove. 

17th. Winding around the valley of Mexico, Another s\ovr 
march, the road much obstructed. Marched five miles, encamped 
in an Olive grove. 

19th. Left camp and came to San Angustin. Gen. Pillow's 
division left here'ahout ten o'clock, A. M. for the purpose of cut- 
ting a road round by Contreras; whilst engaged at it, he was en- 
countered by Gen. Valencia with a l^rge force, and a hard batila 
ensued. The enemy were entrenched in great numbers, behind 
good forts and breastworks, from which they poured a hoi fire up- 
on our men, from twenty pounders. Whilst they ware taking 
their position, Twiggs' division was ordered to his support, also 
Shields' brigade, comprising tlie New York and South Carolina 
regiments. It is said we were called upon too, but no field ofiii 
cers being present, we were left behind; we were all, however. 



anxious to share the fun, but had to remain to guard the train.-- 
This post was too an honorable one, to be left, as about six ihou^ 
sand Lancers were in our rear, waiting for an opporluniiy to at- 
tack it. 

'20th. Ahhouah the firing was well kept up yesterday after- 
lioon, but little else was done. Our men got into posiiion last 
night, and this morning at day light, tliey stormed and took the 
t>nemy's works, in an action of seventeen minutes. The enemy 
was driven out with great loss. Ninety four officers, seven hun- 
dred and twenty-three privates were taken prisoners, also their 
arms and amunition fell into our hands. Twenty-four pieces of 
artillery were t.iken, arr.ona these are several pieces that were 
taken al IJeuiia Vista belonginj2 to Capt. Washington's Battery. 
Among the prisoners, is (ien. Salas tlie instigator of the Guerril- 
las. iVlany of the enemy were killed in their retreat. Our reg- 
imen:; was called out, and proceeded towards the scene of action; 
but, arrived tno late; the fight had terminated before we reached 
the place. We were then marctied back. 

20ih. Batik of Churubusco. The battle of^,Churubusco has 

doubtless been the most bloody, but not the least glorious battle 

that has been fought in Mexico. Considering the disparity of 

numbers, the victory is glorious. The enemy were favored not 

only by art. but by nature: the ground being such as to render it 

impossible for Cavalry to act, there being nothing but rocks and 

chasms, or what they are termed here: "Pedregal;" caused by 

volcanic eruption?; yet our men, flushed with the victory ot Con- 

' ireras, tbllovved closely in pursuit of the enemy, and drove them 

g^nto their foxt at Churubusco. The three divisions of Generals 

p^Vorlh, 'I'wiggs, and the brigade of Shields, were now united and 

j^jp battle r.iged with fury, for three long hours, when iheenemy's 

j)j.^irks weri carried. The enemy'n force was not less than thirty 

^jg lusand. The loss on our side in those two battles, is one thou- 

^jj^'.ld six hundred and fifiy-six, killed, wounded and missing. The 

,^ ^^'^my's loss is much greater. 'I'he Mexican army is driven into 

>nos.''^y gates, all their arms and amunition have fdilen into our 

1. .^j ■!, also a large amount of public property: some of the can^ 

no .';>ken here is of the largest calabre and of the most finished 

wori.iiianship. They were manufactured at Dartmouth, England, 

all of which are brass. It is supposed that the fighting is now all 

over. 

21st. This day three hundred and twenty-six years ago, Fer- 
dinand Cortez entered the ci y ot Mexico, after having corquored 
the armies of Montezuma. We have conquored the armies of 
JSanta Anna, but are not yet in the city. Another batch of prison- 
ers, among whom are eighteen cflicers, has been brought in to* 
•day. Forty deserters have also been taken at Clnifubusco, who 
were with Gen. Taylor on the Rio Grande. 
iJiJnd. Laying in camp here in a church yard. Very wet and 

B2 



18 

muddy. We have as much fruit as we can use, such as apples, 
peaches, pears, figs and all kinds of nuts. 

23rd. Rumors of peace is now afloat, it is said a treaty is about 
to be made. 

•25th. An armistice is agreed upon by the two commandinor 
Generals, in order to give the Commissioners time to settle the 
existing^ difficulties. The armistice may be broken by either par- 
ty by giving notice, forty-eight hours. 

27th, A party of our wagons went into the city to-day for 
provisions, were mobed in violation of the armistice and some of 
our men badly wounded. 

3 J St. Inspected and mustered into the service by Li«ut. 
Lovell. 

September 7th. Received six months' pay. Orders to march 
towards the city of Mexico, to-morrow, 

8th. Battle of Molin del Rey. — Another severe and bloody 
battle has been fought to-day. Our men charged upon the enemy 
and drove them into their works, which were then stormed and 
carried. Many fell on bo'lh sides but the loss of the enemy is 
much greater than ours, which is seven hundred and eighty in 
killed, wounded and missing, it is here that Lieut. Johnston, 
formerly a private in our company, has been lulled: his loss we 
deeply mourn. He was esteemed by all who knew him. Jo-* 
seph Sentz also lost his life in this battle; he was a private in 
company F of the fifth Infantry. We mached from San Augus- 
tin to Coyacan and quartered there, ' 

10th, Sixteen deserters have been hung this morni-ng at thif» 
place, and sixteen others whipped and branded. Fifteen men b' i 
ing required from our regiment, for a storming party, thirty \f^^ 
nn'teered, when fifteen were selected out of them; my friend H*"® 
gan Carney had th« honor to represent company E; our best wi*^^'"'' 
es oo with him. A few big guns were fired at our reconoite'* ^ 
party. At four o'clock we were ordered to march; started a'^^^ 
sundown and marched all night. As we were laying dow'^i'^ 
rest awhile, Edward Hansbury was run over by a cannon g- 
on; his feet were both severely mashed. Our regiment %vr ^in 
rear of the storming p'^rty. ^' 

12th. Sunday; Came to Tacubayo at daylight. Our regi- 
ment was divided; our company with three others were ordered 
to guard and support Lieut. Morgan's battery, No. 2. We lay 
concealed in the Pulque bushes. At sunrise the firing commenc- 
ed by Gen. Twiggs making an attack on the Gureta Antonia. — 
The enemy fired constantly on our men while they were erecting 
batteries. The firing was from the castle of Chepultepec, of 
which we were in full view. 

13th. Bombardment of Chepultepec. ^kX seven o'clock, Capt. 
Drum's and Lieut. Morgan's batteries opened on the castle; every 
4hot told, the walls W6r"e riddled; we kept tiie firing 4ip till about 



19 

8 o'clock P. M. when we were marched under a portal an3 
laid down. I, having no blanket, was any thinor but comfortable. 
About midnitrhi we were roused by the firinjr of the Mexican 
picket: but it soon ceased and we lay down again. When we 
had recruited a little strength, we were ordered to fall in and 
march toward the enemy's works, some carrying ladders, pick 
axes and our muskets lashed to us. As we approached the ene- 
my received us in a hail of grape and canister, and on arriving 
near the turn of the road, we were received by thousands of 
muskets, they made them tell too. Here m^jor Twiggs received 
a musket ball in his breast, causing immediate death. The com- 
mand then devolved upon Capt. Miller, and he charged towards 
the enemy's battery, which commanded the road, and dealing 
death amono- us nt every fire. On arriving near the castle, the 
enemy fled and we pursued closely. We entered the castle yard 
and took Gen. Bravo and about three hundred others, prisoners. 
The enemy fled to the next battery, where they made a short re- 
sistance; but were soon routed. Our companies then united; and 
there were occasions both fnr joy and sorrow. We then marched 
down toward the next fortification which was charged, and the 
enemy driven to the city, where they made a desperate resistance. 
We are now at the city gate. Tweniy minutes past one o'clock 
we entered the gate. We have but one piece of cannon, which 
has been taken from the enemy, and this was commanded by 
Capt. Drum. The enemy attempted to charge, but we confronted 
them so sternly that they desisted. Capt. Drum ran down his 
piece about thirty yards towards them and fired a round of grape 
and canister. He was here struck with a cannon ball, which 
carried away both his legs; almost every man with him was either 
killed or wounded. Lieut. Benjamin was also killed. Capt* 
Drum was a brave man, but poor fellow, he died a few hours after 
his wound. Towards evening the firing ceased, and we lay 
down in our wet clothes, which we got by crossing many ditches 
in the pursuit of the enemy; and having but few blankets, we are 
almost dead with fatigue and cold. About tv/tlve o'clock at 
night, we weie roused about 12 o'clock, and put to work at the 
batteries, hauling cannon &c. 

14th. We planted some of the enemy's heavy pieces and had 
our own breastworks almost finished at dayliglit, when we ex- 
pected more battles from the enemy; but the first thing we saw 
on looking np, was, to our own surprise and gratification a flag 
of iruce, with an unconditional surrender of the city. We were 
then marched into the city and quartered at the citadel. Gen. 
Quitman is made Governor of the ciiy. There is much fighting 
in the streets. Many Lancers and Guerrillies have staid in the 
city for plunder, and are takino every chance to kill and wound 
cur men: quite a number have been badly treated. Lieut. Tur- 
rison has been severely wounded to day in th« street. Gen. 



£0 

Seotl and staff have entered the city and taken up their quarters. 

15ih. Ttie olorious stars and sirip«-s are flnaling triuniphanily 
over the Palace Nacinnal and city of the Aztecs. Ii is a proud 
and graiilyinor sight lo us poor, used up boys, who have left 
heme and cruniry and every thing dear, to witness this sight; 
hut, alas! many of our brave comrades, who foueht hard to be- 
hold this, are numbered with the dead. Sireet fighting still con- 
tinues, one of our con p;iny, Daniel S. Kuhns, has been badly 
wounded to-day in the breast by a larcer. 

4 6ih. Moved from the citadel and lay to night under the Por- 
tals in the Plaza which is a bfautilu! square, of -..bout three hurj- 
dred yards. The Nacional Palace is suitnteU on the east side of 
it, the (Jalhedrnl on the north, and large rows of commercial 
l.uildings on the south and west. 

17ih. Took quarters in the National University. In the court 
yard of this building, is an Equtstrian Statue of Charles IV, 
Ic is very large, and considered ine of the best specimens of mod- 
ern art on this continent; it is said to be of solid br^iss. This 
huildiiig contains a museum which has n^any curiosities, emong 
which are m'ny images, that were worshippd by the ancient 
Mextcans. The Al ar of sacrifice is about f( ur feet high and 
thirty in circumference, with many rich carvings upon it. It is 
said many human beings were sacrificed annually upon this altar 
to their gods. Auother is an image of the sun, very large and 
richly ci'.rved. 

1 8th. The stores and shops are opening and the city pre senta 
a better appearance, since businf^ss has been resumed. 

20ih. Moved from the universiiy to a large 'i'obacco ware- 
house near the edge of the ciiy. 

•2(i'\\. Service in the Pdldce, by the Rev. McCarthy, an Epi|9- 
eopalirin Minister. 

:^Oih. To-d-^y we presented Lieut, Coulter with a sword, a« a 
lestimonial of respect for him, and for his gall miry in the differ- 
ent battles, through which we have had the honor lo follow hin,; 
Chepulteppc in particular. In iheevenino we went to the 'i'heatie 
Narionai De S mta Anna which is undoubtedly, one of the finest 
buildings of iliC kind in this country. It has five tier of boxes 
and a t^plendid parriquette. 

October 2nd. We were almost shaken out of cur hoots by an 
Earthquake, which took place about 8 o'clck, A. M. It lasted sev- 
tral n>inu'es, but has done us no serious ii jury here. 

3rd. Another slight shock f fan Earthquake. Went to Plaza 
De FcTOS to witness a bull flight. It is quite entertaining, hut 
rather barbarous for this enlightened cge. It is the principal 
sport here. 

'4ih. Col. Wm. Roberts died last right of Typhus fever, and 
R. C. McGinley, a member of our company, this morning. 

28th. Henry Fishel is discharged on account of disability' and 
ie going home by the first train. 



CI 



ed 
w 
vv 



2Ui Cant. S. H. Montgomery is ordered to Vera Crux: 

h is likelv he will go \nnu.. i.it-wt. CulH-r is ordered »o Vera 
rz 10 bring up the clothing and eff. cts, be ongtng to .bo rog - 
\:!Z: We are inspected and .nu.tered into the service by Ca.pt. 
Marshall, as a part ot VVcrih's first division. ^.^^„,,„,, . ,,t- 

Nov 1st. I he train started to Vera ( r.iz, in commatid ot 
(^ol Harney: h is to retur.. as soon as possible. Orders read to 
he enment forihe election olCul. to fill the v^cn.^, occasion- 
ed I y'he death of Col. Roberts, (ieary, it is .opposed, purpuse- 
]y, deferred the election till Moniguiuery leti lor Vera Cruz, 
fearioL' he would be elected Colonel. n • . 

12 The election to-day resulted in favor of Geary, Private 
Todd and Capt. Leoser, were the opposing (vandidates It is said 
Gearv stooped very low to gain theiavur of the men, am that, t 
he were elected Col., a vacancy would occur which might be fill- 
I by one of the company olficers, and as there was a number thai 
anted the office of Major. They of course used their influence 
with the :r>en n. favor of Ceary. He too fearing that ludd would 
he elected, made him offers of promotion to induce him to with- 
draw, but he could not quite make it. As for our company, wa 

voted against him to a man. ., . ,i , i i • . 

4th "Election for Lieut. Col.. Major I5nndle, elected. Lieut. 
Armstrona ran aoainst him and he r. ceiv. d a lespectable vote. 

5ih Election for Mv-jor; Lieut. McMichael of company A, was 
.aken* up by the an.i Geary parly and ehded by a majority ot 
forty-three ft is a sore difeai to those who have dimes.) much la 
favor of Geary. We had a big spree . p-n the re'.nlt of it. 

18ih. A oiail to-day from the United «Lales, which brought utt 

leltefs and papers. 

2lst. Received two months pay and allowed for clothing. 

December 4ih. A small train came up in command ot Col. 
Jack Hays. Gen. T.-ilterbon arrived w ith the train. 

7Lh. Another train came up under Gen. Cu.-hing. 

8th A train left for Vera Ciuz, under Gen. Twiggs. Lem- 
uel Heanon and Alexander McPhcison, honorably discharged and 

uent home. . i /■> t 

17ih. Another train came in nndt-r Gen. l^ane. 

IDih' Started tor San A-njle: ilie whole vcilnnteer force, con- 
pi.iin(J-"of the first j.nd secoid IVnns) Ivania, New York, South 
Carolma and Massachu^ets regiments are put into one brigade, 
un.ler Gen. Cu.sliing, We are f^u^r-ered in a large monastery. 

25ih. Christmas day, but very dry; "n picket guard: had a lit- 
ih fun lasi. Ill riu: I'll i vv , dt? co np >ny had a regular fandango. 

January iflt^lS. Went into the city, staid all night, went 

home next day. . 

7ih. Thi:^ day, I with sonvfl of my comrades are reaping bar- 
ley, somehing th.t can't bo do^e in the old "K-y Slone" this 



.reason of the y«^ar. About the first of this month Gen. Valencia 
ami two Colonels were taken prisoners, by a detachment under 
ihe oomM.and of Col. W yncoop, of the first Pa. reajmenl Thpr 
wre now on parole. There has been an affray between some Mex- 
Jeans and the first Pennsylvania regiu.ent, in whioh one of the 
latter was killed, and one badly wounded. There were eight or 
ten Mexicans also killed. ^ 

2l8t. A train arrived to-day in the city, in command of Gen 
M:irshall, br:ncrinnr a large mail. 

24ih. To day the remains of Major Webster, son of Hon 
JJaniel \Vehster, has been deposited in a vault, at this place 
with military honors: he belonged to the Massachtaseits^ rem' 
ment. "^b*" 

25.h. Benjamin Marts, one of onr company whom we loft at 
^eId Cruz, joined us to day. Received two month's p^v and cloth 
I. Iff money. ^ ^ 

Februiry 6ih. Paid a visit to the battle field ofContreras 
10th. V\ent to thecity. Came back next day. Much sick- 
ness among the volunteers, that are stationed there. 
13ih. Our briaade was reviewed by Gen. Gushing and staff 
14th. Inspected by Major Buchanan. 

'22nd. VVa^hing'on's birih day is ushered in by salutes from 
the casile: and preperations aie making, lo celebrate the day as it 
bhould be. ^ 

29th. A large mail arrived from Vera Cruz, bringing letters 
and papers for many of the boys. 1 received none. Thomas J. 
liarclay received a commission as Lieut, inlhe eleventh Infantry* 
date of commission December 1R47. 

March 1st. Walked into the city to see Hoffer who had receiv- 
ed a letter from home. 

5th, A train left the city to-day accompanied by seven com- 
panies of the first Pennsvlvania regiment the other three are left 
at Coyac«n. Kigerise, McClennan and Hnnsbury discharo-ed, on 
disabiluy, and started with the train. This day the armistica 
made its first appearance in the papers. 

8th. To day our brigade was reviewed by brevet Major Gen. 
Worth, near this place, he complimented the commanders of eacfi 
regiment for the good appearance of the men. 

11th. To-driy the sick, that were in the city hospital, were re- 
moved to this place. 

12ih. A train came in from Vera Cruz, and also a mail. 

18ih. A mnil came in from the States, salutes were fired from 
thecity and casile, in honor of Ex-President Adams, Deceased. 

20ih. Brigade drill to-day by Wyncoop. 

22nd. Reviewed by Major Gen. Patterson. 

24th. Lieut. James Arin?trona returned from the city, after 
having been there six or eight weeks, with sore eyes. 

31si. A mail came up to-day from Vera Crnz. A Mexican 
was killed to-day in a fight with another Mexican. 



S3 

April 4th. Lieut. Hare and Dutton, of company F, were both 
arrested to-daj for murder and robbery, wiiicli were perpetrated a'- 
few nights ago in the city. 

7th. T. J. Barclay left for the city; he starts tomorrow i'of 
the States. 

12th. Jacob Hoffer left with the hospital siok, for Jalapa. 

16ih. Palm Sunday; great times among the natives. The firsi 
Pa. regiment came up from Vera Cruz. A mail arrived to-day. 

30th. Inspected and mustered into the service, by Lieut. Col. 
Abercrombie. 

May 1st. Reviewed by two ministera, Levin and ClifFord, 
also Gen's. Patterson and Worth. 

5th. A mail arrived from the States: received the news of the 
death of James McLaughlin, a member of our company, 

7th. A murder was committed by a man, named Duflfee, of the 
M.issnchusetts volunteers: he killed his wife. 

llth. J. Wise, a member of our company; come up from Perote.^ 

I9th. Received a mail from the States. 

••^ath. Dutton, FTare, Tillden and Lan'z were lo he hung to- 
day; every thing was prepared but, as the time drew near, re^:''pited. 
I vv-tat into see ihes^) inea take their deputurf-'; but was happily 
disappointed. 

29ih. Orders read to the regiment to march to-morrow for 
Vera (>ruz. 

30ih. Left San Angle about day light, passed through Coya- 
can, Churiibusco, and about nine o'clock, through the village of 
Mexicalziryo; travelled about eighteen miles, then encanriped rear 
Agotta. 

3l5t. Left camp at day brrak. Commenci^d ascending the 
mountains about eight o'clock, seven miles from the camp, and- 
about twenty-five from the city. We cnuhi distinctly hear the 
salutes from the city which were being given in consequence 
of the exchange of ratifications. To-day, about ten o'clock, 
I looked, as I have eveiy reason to believe, for the last lime 
on the beautiful valley of the city of Mexico. The weather is 
eslremely warm. Marched to Rio Frio, and encamped about three 
quarters of a mile, from the camp of the Ohio regiment, which 
has been in grrrison here for some time. 

June 1st. Left camp early and came to Tusmoluco bridge at 
seven o'clock. To-day our regiment is advance guard. Came- 
to Srin Martin at twelve o'clock M. encamped about four miles 
from it. 

2nd. Left camp at sun rise, marched to Rio Frieto, where we 
encamped. The weather is extremely warm and the road verj^ 
dusty. 

3rd. Left camp at day break and came to Puebla at 8 o'clock, 
stopped in the Plaza one hour, and then proceeded on our way to- 
Amosoque, where we arrived about two o'clock and encamped for 
the niofht. 



4ili. Lefc Amosoqiie at sunrise, arrived at Acajate about sev- 
en o'clock, proceeded on through the pass of Del Pinal, and en- 
f^aiiiped about a mile from its n^onth. Here is one of the deepest 
wells I have ever seen: it was tried with four hundred and sixty 
feet of line, but no bottom found. 

5h. Left camp at three o'clock, A. M. passed through Nop- 
T^luco at sunrise, proceeded on, passed our encampment of July 
5th last year. Encamped at Oje de Aque. 

June 6ih. Our reoiment is rear guard, it left camp sometime 
after sunrise, and after a long and fatiorueing march, encamped at 
Tipeyaquaico, This whole day's march is upon avast, level plain. 
The most remarkable phenomenon is presented here; it resembles 
avast lake; it is caused by the reflection of the sun in the dis- 
tance, and is well calculated to deceive persons not acquainted 
with thfse places. The snow capped Orizaba is in full view all 
day. We received a fine ducking just as we got into camp. 

7th. Oar regiment left camp at sunrise, the division having 
been brigaded last night, we were the advance of the second brig- 
ade. Come to Santa Gurtrudes about half past seven o'clock 
when we hailed for a short timp, then proceeded and arrived at 
Perote, about eleven o'clock, and encamped for the niolit, down 
by the castle. As I approached this place sad reflections crossed 
tny mind; for here lie interred about seven hundred ofmy country- 
men and American soliliers, who spilt their blood in their coun-i 
try's cause. They lie all round the castle. 

8th. Started early and passed throuoh Los Vigas, about half 
past nine o'clock, then proceeded ihrouah the pass of La Ollia and 
encamped at La Hoya. it rriined upon us all the way through the 
pass, but cleared up most beautifully after we had gotten into 
■camp. To day we lose sight of the celebrated Mague plant, from 
which is extracted the national beverage, in Mexico, called iivd 
**Pulque." Large fialds of grain n»ow present ihemselves along 
the road. 

9th. Left La Hoya before day liglit and arrived at Jala,pa, 
about eight o'clock A. M. where we proceeded on and encamped 
three miles from it. 

10th. Left camp aftersuniise and marched into Encerra, where 
it is expected we will lay for some time. I am glad to stop a- 
while. Company and Brigade drills daily. A great many troops 
are encamping at this place. 

11 th. Laying snugly in camp; weather warm an^ showers fre- 
quent. 

12th. Laying in camp; nothing of importance going on. 

13th. To-day we moved our camp about twenty yards in a 
slraiirht line. 

'14th. Nothing of importance^excepl that 1 am rested, recruited 
and ready to march at a moments warnin;;. 

14th. The boys are all, as well as 1, tired of laying still. 
'Orders to march to-morrow. 



*25 

*Hth. tie'ft'camp'Encerrs about day light, proceeded through 
'Cerre Gordo and encamped at 'Plan Del Rio. 

17th. Left Plan Del Rio at one o'clock A. M. and encampe<3 
•at Puenta Nacional at sun rise. This mode of travelling is much 
the besi, as it is almost impossible for men, or even the mules to 
withstand the heat of the day. 

ITth. Left Puenta Nacional at four o'clock P. M. and arrived 
at San Juan about ten o'clock, at night. 

18th. Sunday: Left San Juan about eleven o'clock, and arriv- 
ed at cimp Loguara at four o'clock, three miles from Vera Cruz. 
19th. Started towards the city for the purpose of finding the 
burial spot of Lewis Myers; but could not find it, there being 
nothing to designate the grave, as it was said. Came back 
through the city. It is greatly changed since we left it. We ex- 
pect to go aboard to-morrow. • 

20lh. Four con;panies of our regiment. A, C, G and M, em- 
barked on board the Barque Florida; about eleven o'clock the 
other eight, ours included, embarked on board the steamer 
Mary Kingslan,d, laying off Sacrificio Island, about one o'clock, 
P. M.. Whilst tailing in coal at this Island, I with some of my 
comrades, prominaded the Island, amusing myself with picking 
up shells and reading Obituaries. Many of the deceased were my 
own countrymen who died during the blockading of the, port of 
Vera Cruz. Many were Englishmen, and a considerable number 
were Frenchmen, who were killed at the taking of Vera Cruz a- 
bout twelve years ago. We shoved off about six o'clock, ran 
down near the Castle, took the Colonel and some other officers 
aboard, and then put fo sea; got out of sight of the light house 
about ten o'clock P. M. Light wind from the north. 

22nd. Nothing of importance, except some of the men are 
Sea Sick. 

23rd. Gulf of Mexico. East wind blowing, nothing impor- 
tant occurring, only that the Colonel gave a fellow a floggfing 
which he richly deserved. We have Messrs. Dutton and Hare 
aboard, they are treated coolly by the men, but little countenance 
shown them. 

24th. To-day a man by the name of Weaver died with the 
Mania Potu, His body was launched into the unknown deep a-* 
bout nine o'clock. He was a member of company F. 

25th. Sunday: To-day w6 came in sight oHhe Light House, 
about two o'clock, and soon after had the unbounded satisfaction 
of seeing our own dear Native Land once more. We crossed the 
bar and anchored up the river opposite a neat, little Village, occu- 
pied by Pilots, Here we cleaned the boil&rs and about seven 
o'clock started for the crescent city. 

26th. New 'Orleans. We arrived at this place about ten 
o'clock, A. M. and learned to our mortification that instead of 
being discharged here» as all troops had been before, w« are to go 

C 



to Pittsburg. By this arrangement every man loses fifty -nine 
dollarp; hovvevt r, v perhaps is heiter on a whole, as many of the 
soldiers who h?ve been discharged here, instead of goinjr on hcnn* 
have st.iid here just lon^ enough, not only to lose fifiy-nine dollars, 
but, to be cheated out of every thing they had, and hft penny less. 
After landinor 1 and a fellow soldier, George H. Miller of Green- 
castle, Fratililin Go. took a strull throucrh the city — Sloping at 
every public place, spendincr our money freely, rejoicing ihat we 
were upm the soil of the brave and land of the free. At evening' 
we crossed the river at Alaiers' ferry and went to the Theatre; we 
enjoyed things well, but when we went to return we found that 
we had missed the ferry. However afer running up and down 
the bank, for so(Tie time we were directed to it, but when we found 
the place it was too late to get over, the ferry bnals had ceased 
runninL' for ihe nighf; there we were, and the rcnsketoes bilir.g 
aiid annoyinp us awfully. At lerght we discovered a yawl sailing 
down about the middle of the river, we hailed it, and found that 
its captain and crew consisted of an old negro, who, after a good 
deal of pursuasion, come and took us over. We yave him a quar- 
ter, and Miller gave him hispU'r.>e, swearing at the same time that 
he had no more money, therefore, no use for the purse. We now 
started forthw boat, but ah! she was anchored some distance from 
the wharf, and we had no boat, we were therefore compelled to 
U\ke shelter for the balance of ihe ni«ht in an old shed, where the 
rausketnes attended us numernusly: but so soon as day light ap- 
peared we went up into the city ayj-iin, and did not get aboard of 
our rfppectivfc" boats till about one o'clock P. M. 

27th. Seven comp-.inies aro aboard of the steam boat Taglior- 
nica. Our Gaptain has permission from Gen. Butler, to go up 
as it best suits u?,'ind we, Gompany F, to a man 20 in for Gabin 
passage. We have procured our passage en board the steam boat 
Charles Hammond Our whole calculation is knocked into a 
"corfjked hat"!!. We left Orleans at three o'clock, and proceeded 
up to camp Garrelton, where the ('ornpanies of the first Regiment 
were talien on board. Gol. Wyr.coop, w:is here, and lie swore 
that his (nen should not go aboard if we took cabin passage. This 
raised considerable confusion among the men, and he, the Golcnel 
as an evidence of the estimation in which he held, free, American 
volunteer soldiers, swore that he wi uld not sit down to the table 
W-ith tiiem; though let me say tliere were but few of the soldiers 
Avho would have been below par, had the Gulonel been the stand- 
ard; at least for a feeling of kindness. The Gaplain of the boat, 
VP.ho was a very clever man, to crvitify the Golonel's vanity, proff- 
ered to set him a private table, but nothing could appease his self- 
ishness, and we were compelled to submit, in consequence of the 
loss the captain must have sustained liad we persisted, which 
would have exceeied two thousand dollars. Su much for being a 
private soldier, and having volunteered in defence of aoy coun- 
try** ri^ht?. Left GarroUcn aUaut nine o'clock. 



•27 

tSih. About ten o'clock this mornin;X ^c passed Baton Roag-e 
and was saluted by a shot from a small piece and thfi cheering of 
the people; hvivinor some music on board we returned ihe compli- 
ment, J'i=;t as we passed by the jrarri^^on, we were ire-ited with 
a sight Df Old Rotifih and Ready, the Hero of Bnena Vista. He 
appeared upon a small eminence wiih three nfTicers, and waved his 
hat. Wefjave him nine hearty cheers; we had to leave much a^ainpt 
our will, for we all wanted to get ashore to wag the old veteran's 
hand. There is a pplcndid military post at this place. 

29ih. Passed Natches at dayiight; about nine o'clock, a man 
by the name of Robinson fnll over board, as anon as it was seen 
the boat backed towards him; b:it he being no swimmer, soon 
sank to rise no more. At nine o'clock P. M. we came to Vicks- 
burg stopped half an hour. 

30th. ToKiay nothing of importance occurred. 

July 1st. At dayligrhi we came to Napoleon near the mouth of 
the Arkansas river, where we took pari of Siicknf^y's circus aboard; 
about twelve o'clock, M. we came lo the hor.ie phoe b^nd, and in 
the evening chang'ed ihe mail at a beautiful litile village, calle<i 
Helena, on the Arkansas side. 

Sunday: 2nd. Arrived at Memphis at nine o'clock, A. M. at 
which place we let ashore about forty passengers and Siicknoy's 
circn?, came to Randolph about five o'clock P. M. changed the 
mail; about dark the st.-^am boat, John Hancock, passed us with 
part of the Baltimore Battalion; wo stopped at Oceola and left 
off some passengers; this day we laid in considerable provision-s 
at Mempliis. 

3rd. To-day we were^ passed by the S. B. Caroline Watkins. 

Just before dark we came to the moulh of the Ohio river, and 
fitopped a few minutes at Cairo, which is situited at the Point. 

4t!i. To-day we passed by several places, at which the peo- 
ple were celebrating the glorious binh day of iheir National Inde- 
5)endence, at one place iri particular we saw some hundreds of 
young Ladies on a grfen in a procession, marching along the riv- 
•er's bank. At four o'clock, we passed 8hawneetown, a beautiful 
town in the state of Illinois. 

5lh. To day vie passed some pretly Villages at one of which 
we stopped, on the Kentucky side, and took some coal aboard, of 
which ihnre is a mine at this place, 

6lh. To day we came to Shippingsport, opposite New Alba- 
ny, about ei^ht o'clock, A. I\l. three miles below Louisville, at 
the lower ecd of the canal which passes around the falls of the 
Ohio; Jim Porter, the great Kentucky giant, lives at this place; 
he is a Utile th^s tallest person 1 ever saw, standing seven feet eight 
inches in his stocking feet. We walked to Louisville while the 
boat passed thrnut/h the locks. Louisville is a most splendid 
city, and hen^ we found the first good treatment since v/e entered 
'the States. We chanoed boats at this place, and took passage 
•on board ihe steam boat Germautown, where we hud the good 



fortune to procure a cabin passage iD Pittsburgh for six dollars 
apiece, and are now on a fair way of getting up decent, provi- 
ding we do not meet VVyncoop on the way. 

7ih. we are still laying at Louisville. Took a walk around 
the city» 'About eleven o'clock we left the wharf, passed Madi- 
son Indiana about two P. M. fn Lhe eveningr we were edified 
by a sermon from a Clergyman, on board our boat. The remarks 
of the gentleman were directed particularly to the soldiers, and I 
think they were appropriate. 

8th. Cincinnati. This morning, on waking up 1 found my- 
self at this place. After breakfast I, with a party of my comra- 
des, took a stroll through the city, went to see the markets and 
other public places; the markets are the beU I have ever seen, es- 
pecially the meat market. There are many splendid buildings in 
this place; and business is brisk. Our boat lett the wharf about 
eleven o'clock A. M. 

9th. Sunday; To-day we passed many beautiful towns, and 
are between the States of Virginia and Ohio. To-day we have 
been inspected on the Hurricane Deck. 

lOih. Passed Marietta at breakfast lime, and ariived at 
Wheeling about dusk. 

11th, Pittsburg. Landed at this place about ten o'clock, and 
was escorted to the Red Lion Hotel by a Committee, which had 
been previously appointed for thai purpose. 

14th. Tliis day dischargsd and mustered out of the service by 
Major Wright. Happy I do assure you, that 1 am once more a 
Free Citizen of the United States, 



29 



510LL OP COMPANY E, 3nd REG. Pa. VOLUNTEERS. 



Names. 



Af^e^ Height^ Where barn, Occupation.' 



(Jdpt. John W. Johndion, 
istLt. James Arm3tron!T. 
2d' " Washinton Murrj. 
3(1 " James Conlier, 
Serg. H. C, Marchand, 
2d " Thos. J. Barclay, 
3d " Henry B. Kuhns, 
4th" J. M. McLaughlin, 
Corp. J. M. Carpenter, 
"2d '•' Andrew Ross, 
3d " William Biorelow, 
4ih " Georrre W. Bonncn, 
Fiier, Mich'l J, Kettering, 

Drum'r. And. J. Forney, 
John Aikens, 

Lihblus Allshouse, 

Andrew J. Bates, 

McClure Bills, 

Hugh J. Brady, 

.Samuel A. Byerly, 

VVilliaoi A. Uampbeil, 

Hagan Carney, 

Humphrey Carson, 

Milion Cloud, 

Richard Coulter', 

George Dscker, 

Archibald Dauglisrly, 

James L. Elliot, 

Heaiy Fisliei, 

Henry Geesyn, 

Andrew B. Gordon, 

iS.imuel Gorgas, 

John R. Grove, 

Georjje Hagerty, 

Frederick Hains, 

Edward Hansbury, 

James M. Hartford, 

George W. Harinian, 

James Hays, 

.Miuhael Heasley, 

Jacob H offer, 

Andrew R. Hustor', 

James Johnston, 

Richard L. Johnston, 

Jacob Kegarize, 



5.8.^ 

G.3 

5.7| 

5.8 

6.6 

5.11 

5.8i 

5.10 

58 

5.7.^ 

5.11 

5.9 ^L 

5.10 

5.9^ 



Westmoreland CO. 



do. 

do. 

do. 

do.' 

do. 

do. 



do. 
do. 
do. 
do. 
do. 
do. 



26 
26 
29 
•26 
JJ6 
22 
19 
20 
25 
29 
•23 
27 
19 
19 
21 
21 
21 
20 

•a 

26 5. 7-3t Cumberland C'. iWajronm'ker 



Lawyer, 
Lawyer. 

Siud't at law 
Siud'tat law 
Lawyer. 
Lawyer. 
Storekeeper. 



Philadelphia co. Lawyer. 
Westmoreland co.|Tanner. 
i^'ayelte co. [Cooper. 

Somerset co. Tobacconist. 
Westmoreland co.; Blacksmith. 



do. do. 
Indiana co. 



Coachmaker. 
Boatman. 



5.85 vVestmoreland co.'Stcrelieeper. 



29 


5,7] 


19 


5.9 


26 


5.7i 


30 


5.8| 


26 


5.9 


25 


5.5i 


24 


5.7.J 


27 


5.10 


21 


5.10 


21 


6. 


32 


6.1 



21|5.8^ VVestmoreland CO. 
21 5.8 New Yoi-k ci;y. 
19 5.10 Westmoreland co. 

Loudon CO. 

VVestmoreland cc. 

New York city. 

Antrim co. Irelarid 

Franklin co. 

York CO. 

Allegheny co. 

Connecticut. 

Cumberland co. 

Huntingdon co. 

Washington co. 

VVestmoreland cc, 

Philaielpliia co. IWeaver. 

Westmoreland co.'. Teacher. 

Franklin co. |Tailor. 

County Dov.'njlre. Tailor. 

VVestmoreland co. 

Cumberland co. 

Washington co. 
275.11 Westmoreland CO. 
|216.3i do, do. 

J22 5.4i Indian 1 co. 
C3 



18'5.5i 
26|5.9A 
20 5.10 



5.G:\ 

5.4 
5.10 

2115.8 
345.4i 



Lawyer. 

Carpenter. 

Tailor. 

Shoemaker. 

Stud'tat law 

Saddler. 

Laborer* 

Tailor, 

Joiner, 

L'lhorer, 

SiMlebuJd'er, 

l^aborer. 

F'jrn. keeper. 

Bricklayer. 

Farmer. 



Millright. 
Tailor. 
Painter. 
Stud'iat law 
Laborer. 
L iborer. 



30 



William Kelley, 
John Kerr, 
Henry Kesiler, 
Jacob Kuhn, 
Daniel S. Kuhns, 
Philip Kuhn3, 
Edward D. Landon, 
Jacob Linsehijjler, 
Benjamin Martz, 
Peter McCabe, 
Samuel McClaron, 
John McCullom, 
Edward McCraden, 
David R. McCutchen, 
James H. McDermot, 
niiarles McGarvey, 
Robert C. McGinley, 
William Mclntire, 
Amos McLane, 
Richard McClelland, 
James VicWilliams, 

William McWi!ltams, 

Jacob Marohand, 

George May, 

David Mechhncr, 

William H. Mellvill?, 

Jacob P. Miller, 

Samuel Milner, 

Samuel H. Montgomery, 

Samuel C. Morehe.id, 

Lewis Myers, 

Jonathan Pease, 

James Rager, 

Frederick Rexroad, 

Chauncey Sargent, 

Joseph Shaw, 

William R. Shields, 

Thomas Simms, 

Joseph Smith, 

Thomas Spears, 

Frederick B. Steck, 

Henry Stickle, 

John Taylor, 

Nathaniel Thomas, 

Israel' Onc^phor, 

James tJnderWcofl, 

Samuel Water's,' 

William Wentz:^ 

Jacob T. Wise. 



•^7 
26 
34 

:'23 

27 

23 

37 

19 

24 

21 

27 

22 

38 

19 

21 

24 

24 

■28 

28 

19 



30 
18 
27 
27 
26 
27 
28 
36 
26 
31 

23 

19 

18 

19 

29 

23 

21 

19 

19 

22 5 

27 5 

195 

235 

22 5 

20 5 

255 

186 



.8^- 

.9^ 

.7^ 

.61 

.8 

.8 

.10 

.5 

,5i 
,10 

11 

10 

H 
11 



5.8;J- Wastmoreland co 
5.92 do; do. 
5.72 Germany. 
5.6>^ Westmoreland CO, 
do. do. 
do. do. 
Addison co. Vt. 
Westmoreland co. 

.do. do. 
Lebanon co. 
Wesinioreland co. 

do. do. 
Baltimore city. 
Allegheny co, 
VVesimofeland co, 
York CO. 

Westmoreland co. 
do. ^0. 
do. do. 
1 Centre co. 

Washington co. 
Westmoreland co. 
7|l do. do. j 
94; Somerset co, 
Uj Westmoreland co.' 



Oh 

0| 

0! 

9 

10 

10 

9 

7^, 

.10 

7.^ 

9 

10 

7| 

~l 
11 
11 
.1 



do. 



do. 



do. 

do. 
Bucks CO. 
Westmoreland CO, 
Lidiana co. 
Franklin co. 

Cambria co. 
New York city. 
Somerset co. 
Westmoreland co, 

do. do. 
Centre co. 
Westmoreland co. 
Pittsburgh city, 
W^estmoreland co. 
Germany, 
Westmoreland co. 

do. do. 

do. do. 
Cumberland co. 
Westmoreland co. 

do. do. 
Cumberlaod co. 



, Blacksmith* 
{Lawyer. 
jTurner. 
, Blacksmith* 
Printer. 
VVire weaver 
Teamster. ' 
Farmer. 
|Chairmak£T, 
jShoemaker. 
Farmer, 
jTeamsier,- 
iPlasterer. 
[Saddler. 
'Blacksmith. 
iFurn. keeper 
Stud't at law- 
Saddler. 
Carpenter. 
Lobourer. 
Farmer. 
Carpenter. 
Tanner. 
Farmer. 
Farmer. 
Chairraaker, 
Farmer. 
Blacksmith. 
Clerk. 
Farmer, 
Bricklayer. 
Coach maker. 
Farmer. 
Boatman. 
iPrinter. 
/Labourer. 
iTeacher. 
I Waggoner, 
Blacksmith. 
iCarpenter. 
'Butcher, 
jLabourer. 
Tailor. 
Farmer. 
Lawyer. 
Plasterer. 
Butcher. 
Farmer. 
Labourer, 



31 



TRANSFERS. 



S, H. Montgomery appointed, by the Presidpnt of the United 
States, assistant Quartermaster, January 8, 1847. 

James Johnston apjjointeil Quartermaster Sergant of the 2nd 
Pennsylvania Regiment, January 7th, 1847. 

R. H. L. Johnston appointed 2nd Lieutenant U. S. Infantry;- 
date of commission, March 6, 1847. 

Andrew Ross appointed 2nd Lieutenant U. S. Infantry. 

Tho. J. .Barclay appointed 2nd Lieutenant, U. S. Infantry^ 
dale of commission, January 21, 1848. 



HONORABLY DISCHARGED. 



Sercreni H. B. Kuhns, March 31, 1347, at Vera Crna. 

William Mclntire, M^jrch 31, 1847, at Vera Cniz. 

SergeiU H. Marchand, April 21, 1847, at Vera Crui. 

John Taylor, at New Orleans. 

Jonathan Pease, at New Orleans. 

A. J. Forney, May 18, 1847, at Vera Crnz. Since dead. 

George May, May 18, 1847, at Vera CruE. Since dead. 

E. McCruden, May 19, 1847, at Vera Cruz. Since dead, 
William Kelley, May 19, 1847, at Vera Cruz. 

J. R. Groves, at Vera Cruz. 

Corp. J. M. Carpenter, May 25, 1847, at Jalapa. 

F. Rexroads, May 19, 1847, at Jahpa. 
J» Miller, June 7, 1848, at Jalapa, 



32 

William Campbell, June 8, 1848, at Jalapa. Since dead. 

H. Fishel, October 27, 1847, at ihe city of Mexico. 

Jas. Rager, at Puebla. 

P. Kuhns, at Puebla. 

M. Heasley, at Puebla. Since dead. 

A. Daugherty, at Puebla. 

E. B. Landon, at Puebla. 

Jacob Kegarize, March 3, 1848, at the city of Mexico. 

Edward Hansberry, March 5, 1848, at the city of Mexico. 

Kichard McCltlland, March 5, 1848, at the city of Mexico. 



RESIGNATION. 



Lieut. Murry resigned and started for home, but died on the 
way. 



DEATHS. 



John Kerr, lOih March, 1S47, off Anton Lizard. 
Thomas Spears, 19ih March, rff Anton Lizard. 
l..e\vis Myers, lOh April, ar Vera C'riiz. 
Jaines M. Hartford, lOih April, at Vera Oruz. 
William R. Wentz, 15th May, Jalapn. 
Andrew R» Huston. 18th June, Vera Urtiz. 
vSamuel Goroas, 30th July, Puebla. 
John McColhim lOtli August, Perote castle. 
William H. Melville, 5th September, San Auo-usUne. 
Jacob LinseliiiTler, •20th September, Mexico ciiy. 
Robert C. McGinley, 3rd October, Mexico city. 
Nathaniel Thomas, 7th September, Puebla. 
Thomas Simms, 9th September, Puebla. 
George Hagerty, 10th September, Puebla. 
Daniel S. Kulins, 6ih December, Mexico city. 
Joseph Shaw, 17th January, 1848, Mexico city. 



33 



MISSING. 

Samoel Milnor, about the 1st of December, 1847. Supposed 
lo have been killed io the city, while strolling about by himself. 



Names of those who reacherd the city of Mex- 
ico with the main body of the army. 



1 


Lieut. J. Arm-^tron^, 


22 


2 


*♦ James Coulter, 


23 


3 


Sergt. Thomas J. Barclay, 


24 ( 


4 


" David Mechliny, 


25 


5 


" Samuel A. Byerly, 


26 


ti 


" J. M. MfiLaughluj, 


27 . 


7 


Corp. William Bi:^ielGW, 


28 


8 


" George W. Bonnen, 


29 


9 


•* Robert C. McGiDley, 


30 




Privates. 


31 


10 


Libbius Allshousp, 


32 


II 


Andrew J. Bates, 


33 


12 


McLuro Bills, 


34 


13 


Hugh J. Brady, 


35 


14 


Magan Carney, 


36 


15 


Humphrey Carson, 


37 


16 


Milton Cloud, 


38 


17 


Richard Coulter, 


39 


18 


(ieorge Decker, 


40 


lU 


Henry Fishel, 


41 . 


20 


Henry (iepsyn, 


42 


21 


Andrew B. Gorden,- 


43 ] 



Frederick Haing, 
Edward Hansbury, 
(^eorge W. Hartman, 
J rimes Hays, 
Jacob Hoffer, 
Jacob Kegarize, 
Henry Kestler, 
Jacob Kuhn, 
Daniel S. Kuhns, 
Jacob Linsebigler, 
Peter McCabe, 
Amos INlcLane, 
Richard MeLelland, 
James McWilliams, 
William McWilliams, 
Jacob Marchand, 
Samuel Milner, 
Samuel C. Morehead, 
(^hauocey Sargent, 
Joseph Shaw, 
Frederick B. Steck, 
Israel Uncaphor, 



34 



A TABLE, 

showing the distances from Vera Cruz to the 
city of Mexico, and from the principal towns 
along the road; also their heights above the 
level of the sea. 



Places, 



Mis. Heiaht. 



Places. 



Mis. Heish. 



From Vera Ciuz 

To Sam a Fe, 
*' El Manaretel, 
»' Bocaron, 
" Tolone, 
•' Paso de Orejas, 
" Puenta Nacional, 
*' La Rinconada, 
" Palo Gacho, 
'^ Plan Del Rio, 
" Cerro Gordo, 
" Carrol Falso, 
'' En Cerro, 
»* Jalappa, 
" Cedeno, 
»* Banderrillo, 
♦' San Miguel, 
" La Hoga, 
♦* Las Vegas, 



8 

5 

1 

3 

5 

8 224 ft. 

6 

6 

4 

6 

4 

4 

8 

2 

3 

5 

6 

6i7850 



4335 



•' Cruz Blanco, \ 5 i 

'' Perote, 8 7724 

♦' Santa Gertrudes, 9 

•' Tipeyaqualco, 8 

♦* Oje de Agua, 9 

" Verreyes, 9 

" Napolnca, 6 

" Ventadel Pinal, 5 

" Acajate, 5 

'' Amoscque, 7 

" Puebla, 13 7200 

" Rio Frielo, 18' 

't San Martin, 9 

*• 'J'usmoluco, 8 

*' Rio Frio, 8 10122 

" Ventade Cordova|12 

'» Ayotta, 10 

" Los Penon, 9 i 

" Mexico, 1 9 9470 



A table showing the distance from Vera Cruz to 
the city of Mexico, together with the length 
of time required to travel it by stage. 

From Vera Cruz to Jalapa, 68 ms. time 13 hs. 

To Perote, 36 " ** 7 

Puebla, 69 " " 12 . 

Mexico, 73 " *' 14 






t 



(( 
tt 



Vera Cruz to Mexico, 246 " ^' 46 lis. 



3» 



PARTICULAR DATES. 



Mustered into the service. 

Left FiUsbiirorh. 

Landed at New Orleans. 

Embarked on board the James N. Cooper, 

Crossed the Bar. 

Disembarked on Lobes Island, 

Reimbarked for Vera Cruz. 

Landed at Vera Cniz. 

Bombardment at Vera Cruz. 

Tlie articles of capitulation ef the City 

and Castle were signed. 
Surrender of Vera Cruz. 
Left for the Interior. 
17th and 18th, Battle of Cerro Gordo. 
Came to Jalapa. 
Left J a hi pa. 
Came to Ti[,eyaqiialco. 
Left. 

Came to Fuebia, 
Visited Pyramid Cholula. 
Left Puebla. 

" I9th and 20ih, Battles of Contreras and Churubu^co. 
•September 8ih, Brittle of Molin del Ray. 

'' 13th," StorminiT of Chepultepec. 
'» l.tih, " Battle Garita de Belen. 
December 19ih, Left for San Anfrels. 
January 1st 1848, Gen. Valencia Captured. 



Janu 


ary 7ih, ] 


1817 


»i 


8th, 


»» 


If 


13th, 


n 


M 


23rd, 


M 


15 


31st, 


»1 


February 11th, 


i> 


28 ih. 


•J 


March Dih, 


It 


• » 


211 ad, 


T, 


'» 


28th, 


?7 


i» 


29th, 


»» 


April 6th, 


'j 


»» 


17th 


and 


n 


21st, 


i» 


June 


8th, 


IT 


'j 


28 th, 


11 


July 

'5 


3rd, 

8lh, 


^1 

'. » 


t? 


27th, 


1l 


Aujri 


jst 8i,h, 


•f 



'/*■' " '/■•.'..•Y-'"'"'V"-'V •'"■••' J 
I i I , i\ /v\'v-/v-/-..-u v/A 










' / * R-comna<'.'Gatio.i by W. OinoKS. Ksq. Mernbpr of the Bar. 
/ ' A PRIVATl^S OVN JOU:^ N ALr-'^v G. W. Hartma.x. 
t '' , ^ Having rp?d and pximinp.l ;his little work, 1 feel no hesitatio 
* ' ' in r>^cniTin]erdinjT it -a^ «,; in'prpsiino and instructive narrative.— 
lis author, Mr. Vt. VV. Hartinan, a brave and patriotic youth 
'■ by the ocrrpcliiess of his deportment, and nnassominor modesty 
IS entitled to and erj tys the kindest wishes of all the Citizens o 
his mtivp nlnci. As orte of those who kn-^w him, both before h( 
•'' left for M-xi«o and si:iri^ his return, I take this opportunity o 
'; ' most cordially coniTieiiding this little voluue, and its deserving 
' author to the patrorjag;^ arid encouragement of his gratefiil an( 
\^ Ipatri'tic couotrvmen. W. CROOKS. 

[ Greencfisl/e^ Franldln C). Fa. 

a) 

, '', Concurrino' reommendation by Col. D. Detrich, Brigade Insp'r 

'" ' ' 1 cheerfully concur UQg^e above recommendation. 

^ "^ ;^ JRecommendation by O. VV. Zkigler, E-^q. Merchant. 
^'' [ Mr. G. W. Hartman; S/r,- —1 have just read your little work 
\' 'entiiled **A Private's own Journal, grivin? an account of the bit- 
ties in Mexico; an ifit G^n. Scott," &a. &3., and I can truly say 
) that its peru=;nl atfor led much pleasure and deliohf. As far as 

my knowledge extends, it aives a truthful narrative of the stirring 
scenes and events that it attemptss to relate and describe. I take 
.'^ great pleasure in rpc-immendinof it to the favorable notice of a pat- 
'^ riotic and grpoerous Public — and hope it may meet with a patron* 
/' , age and success, connrnensurate with its deserts and true merits. 
' * '', Your=!, with Rpspect, &(^. 

Gr:encasile, Feb. 23, 1849. GEORGE VV. Z'^iGLER. 

J -Recommendation by Daniel Snively, E-q Merchant. 



\ \ 



l^^piKuliSJ a pptrrij^j^t, entitled *-A PrivUe's own journal, 
by #i W.*TlaSrma"n;"*"'Vmfing been agreeably entertained with it,l 
! am h.=>ppy to recommend it to others, believino^ all wHl feel 

^'' themselves fuliv rep.iid for the small outlay of ifs purchase. 

J ^ Greencaslle, Feb. 23, 1819. DANIEL SiMVELY. 

X , ' Recommendation by Dr. J. K. Smith, 

V Mr. G. W. Hartman; S{r;—i have just perused your little 

) ' bonk, entitled "A Private's own Journal, &p., and take great 

"■ pleasure in recommenrlinor it to a patriotic and generous public. 
' ;< Your., &p. JNO. K. SMITH. 

:;:-f>:>{ f^rfiorrrrsfh Pn. Frh. 2i. 1849. 



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